Arabic prepositions - describing places

بِسمِ اللهِ الرَّحمانِ الرَّحِيم

الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على نبينا محمد وآله وصحبه

الدرس العشرون

السلام عليكم ورَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وبَركاتُه ,  Insha-allah lets learn to answer some “أين ?” questions.  Learn the below prepositions commonly used in vocabulary.

Above - فَوقَ	Under - تَحتَ
on the Left of -  على يسار	on the right of - على يَمِين
Front - أمام	back - خَلفَ
in the middle - في وَسَط	around - حَول
Between - بَين	besides -  بِجانِب

With these prepositions it’s easy to build sentences that you can use to describe places.  We already know that to tell “there is” in arabic we use “هُناك”  and there isn’t means “لَيس هُناك”.

Let’s try to describe the below picture [ صُورَة].

This is the picture of the city	هذه صورة المدينة
there is a street in the city	هناك شارع في المدينة
In the center of the city there is a bank and besides bank there is school	في وسط المدينة هناك بنك وبِجانِب البنك هناك مدرسة
The school is between bank and hospital	والمدرسة بين البنك والمستشفى
On the right side of bank there is an old factory	على الأيمن البنك هناك المصنع القديم
The are beautiful trees in front of bank but there are no trees in front of hospital	وأشجار جميلة أمام البنك ولكن لَيس هُناك شجر أمام المستشفى

Try to hide the arabic sentences from your eyes and read only english sentences above and try to translate them in mind.

Prophet (SAW)'s Prayers

Below is the beautiful dua.  If you have learned the prepositions from this chapter then the dua should be easy.  Below prepositions are marked in red.

When going for Fajr Prayer

Recite:

اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ فِي قَلْبِي نُورَاً وَفِي بَصَرِي نُورَاً وَفِي سَمْعِي نُورَاً وَعَنْ يَمِينِي نُورَاً وَعَنْ شِمَالِي نُورَاً وَاجْعَلْ لِي نُورَاً وَفِي عَصَبِي نُورَاً وَفِي لَحْمِي نُورَاً وَفِي دَمِي نُورَاً وَفِي شَعْرِي نُورَاً وَفِي بَشَرِي نُورَاً وَفِي لِسَانِي نُورَاً وَاجْعَلْ فِي نَفْسِي نُورَاً وَأَعْظِمْ لِي نُورَاً وَاجْعَلْنِي نُورَاً وَاجْعَلْ مِنْ خَلْفِي نُورَاً وَمِنْ أَمَامِي نُورَاً وَاجْعَلْ مِنْ فَوْقِي نُورَاً وَمِنْ تَحْتِي نُورَاً اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِنِي نُورَاً

"O Allah, give me Nur in my heart, me eyes, ears, on my right side, on my left side. Specify Nur for me and my progeny. Grant Nur in my flesh, my blood, my hair, my skin, my tongue and my nafs (soul) and and increase my nur, and make me nur, and make nur from my behind and make nur from my front and make nur above me and under me and grant me nur all around" (Hisnul Hasin)

The verb used in above supplication is “جعل - يجعل” meaning “to make”.

The Prayer is very beautifull.  First of all its covering many body parts and the prepositions . So you are learing lot of arabic words in one dua.  And more than that if you read this prayer while going for Fajr prayer and think of the noor you will be getting … ما شاء الله.   Please memorise this dua.

Lets end this chapter with an exercise. Look at the below picture and translate below sentences in arabic.

1. Is the chair besides table ?
2. Yes, chair is besides table
3. where is television. [تلفزيون]
4. Is the picture besides table ?
5. Where is the table ?
6. Where is the wardrobe. [خزانة]
7. Is television under the window.
8. Where is the bed.
9. where is the bag
10. Is the table between the chair and wardrobe ?