arabic pronouns

بِسمِ اللهِ الرَّحمانِ الرَّحِيم

In the name of Allah, The Most Beneficent, The Most Merciful

YAAC

(Yet Another Arabic Course )

الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على نبينا محمد وآله وصحبه

Assalamalaikum , there are lot of reasons why learning arabic is important. But I am not going to iterate them here.  If you are reading this then there must be some reason behind it. May Allah bless you and me to learn and master the language of Quran, because even i am a student of arabic like you.   This series is not my own work. But its just a compilation of many great arabic books out there. This is the only reason why i have named this series as YAAC. Thanks a ton to Allah Subhan-wa-ta`ala who guided me to these books and courses. To mention a few , one of my favourite book is [Mastering Arabic 2nd Edition 2009 by Jane and Mahmood] , and others Minhaj-al-arabia , Arabic made easy etc.  And last but not the least , notes of my teacher (sir syed ghulam-maula and mufti mohammad idris qasmi) from whom i learned arabic grammar.

May Allah (swt) bless them both. These grammar are mainly from notes of my arabic classes. Hope it helps to you too. YAAC assumes that you know at least how to read arabic. If you don't then you may probably check this [1] before continuing. If you want to correct something or suggest something please mail to minhaj.al.arabia@gmail.com. Final thanks to my wife who helped me writing the arabic part of the notes.  I begin the series with Quran ayah 20:25

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

قَالَ رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي {25}

وَيَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي {26}

وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي {27}

يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي {28}

• عبد الله

[1] http://www.searchtruth.com/quran_teacher/quran.php

الدرس الأول

Okay, you might have already figured out the meaning of the above title ? …..No !!. . . .   it means the first lesson. (الدرس) means lesson. . . . .   My teacher used to tell me that if you want to learn something then you must (إقرأ) read first. Then if you want to learn better then write it. And if you want to master it then teach it to others.   May Allah (s.w.t) guide us to teach it to others.

Lets start by introducing ourselves.

أنا عبدالله و أَنتَ ؟  (i am Abdullah and  you )

Note that many Arabic sentences do not need the verb 'to be' (am, is, are) in the present tense. This means that you can have a sentence with no verb at all. (Such sentences are called nominal sentences.) like,

انا عبدالله                                                   

I (am) Abdullah

The smallest of words if you have noticed is (و) [wa] meaning (and) used to join to phrases or sentences.

عبدالله و أحْمَد ( Abdullah and ahmed )

Now read this , Say:  

هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ

He in Arabic is (هُوَ). Above sentence means (He is Allah one and only)  Now when i introduced myself i asked your name too, like.  (و أَنتَ ؟) meaning ( and you ? )  But i simply assumed that you are male. But what if you are female ? same (you) ?  . . . . . . No !!.  

Arabic is very logical language and is very specific to what it refers to.  My teacher used to tell me that if you want to master mathematics then you must master multiplication tables at least till 12. In the similar manner if you want to master arabic then you will have to master logical tables of arabic called sarf and nahw.   The below table gives you a logical table for pronouns to be used for specific person / persons.  You MUST master this table.  Just read it this way loudly like this :

Huwa, huma, hum . . . . .  hiya, huma, hunna,  . . . . . . antha, anthuma, anthum . . . . . anthi, anthuma, anthunna . . . . . . . ana ,nahnu.

Plural	Dual	Singular	←
هُم (They)	هُما (They two)	هُوَ (He)	Third person masculine
هُنَّ (They)	هُما (They two)	هِيَ (She)	Third person feminine
أنتُم (You all)	أنتُما (You two)	أنتَ (You)	(M) Second person
أنتُنَّ (You all)	أنتُما (You two)	أنتِ (You)	(F) Second Person
نَحنُ (We)		أنا (I)	First Person

Please read it again and again till you do not stammer to tell it without seeing. Just utter it when you are riding / eating to master it. In class my teacher asks everyone again and again till he is comfortable telling it.

Notice that arabic has additional dual concept in addition to singular and plural.

So now if you are female i would say:   (و أنتِ).

Now lets have simple introduction before we end this chapter..

اَلسَّلامُ عَلَيْكُمْ ورحمةُ اللَّهِ

أنا عبدالله و أَنتَ ؟

(......your answer)

كَيفَ الحال ؟ (how are you)

هَلْ اَنتَ بخَير (are you ok)

الحَمْدُ لِله

Kaifa means How.  and Hal means conditional are you …?  , is it …. ? etc

Whew !!!! you have learn’t many words. (14) just in the table. Ma`shaallah.

Next chapter insha-allah we shall put our above grammar into practice.