بِسمِ اللهِ الرَّحمانِ الرَّحِيم
الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على نبينا محمد وآله وصحبه
الدرس الخامس و العشرون
السلام عليكم ورَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وبَركاتُه , In the previous chapter we studied the command format. i.e asking someone to do something. Do this … Do that etc…
In this chapter insha-allah we will learn how to tell Don’t do this .. or Don’t do that. …. Like in English we add Don’t in front of the verb. example Where the imperative would mean “listen”, the prohibitive means “don’t listen.”
The method of constructing this verb is quite simple;
- First, convert the present tense to jussive and prefix لا to it.
Example:
إفْعَل: Do,
لا تَفْعَل: Don’t do.
Memorize this table for [Don’ts]
لا يَفْعَلُوْا - They should not do
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لا يَفْعَلا - They should not do
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لا يَفْعَلْ - he should not do
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لا يَفْعَلْن - They should not do
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لا تَفْعَلا - They should not do
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لا تَفْعَلْ - she should not do
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لا تَفْعَلُوْا - Don't do
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لا تَفْعَلا - Don't do
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لا تَفْعَلْ - Don't do
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لا تَفْعَلْن - Don't do
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لا تَفْعَلا - Don't do
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لا تَفْعَلي - Don't do
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لا نَفْعَلْ - We should not do
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لا أَفْعَلْ - I should not do
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Remember (Jussive) form is important. Sukkun on last letter, else it will change the meaning:
لا تشربْ - Don’t drink
and لا تشربُ - you don’t drink.
Exercise :
Translate below hadith and quran ayah which uses the prohibitive verbs.
عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللّه عَنْهُ قَالَ: قال رَسُولُ اللّه صَلَّى اللّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
" لا تَأْكُلُوا بالشِّمَال فَإنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَأْكُلُ باْلشِّمَال ".
رواه مسلم
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عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رضي اللّه عَنْهُمَا قال: قال رسولُ اللّه صلى الله عليه وسلم
" لا تَمْنَعوا نِسَاءَكُمُ المساجِدَ، وبُيُوتُهُنَّ خَيْرٌ لَهُنَّ ".
(رواه أبو داود).
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يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ ۖ إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ - 31:13
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فَاذْكُرُونِي أَذْكُرْكُمْ وَاشْكُرُوا لِي وَلَا تَكْفُرُونِ - 2:152
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Previous chapter we asked a kid to Do something. But now we will ask kid NOT to do somethings.
Don’t
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Arabic
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go
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أيها الولدُ لا تَذْهَبْ إلى المَدْرَسَة بالتاخير
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laugh
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ولا تَضْحَكْ على أحدا
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Joke always
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ولا تَمْزَح دائما
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be sad
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ولا تَحْزَن
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be lazy
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ولا تَكْسَل
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lie
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لا تَكْذَبوا فإن الكِذْب خَصْلَة مزمومة
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play , read
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ولا تَقْرَوا وَقْت اللَعِب ولا تَلْعَبوا وَقْت القِراءة
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make
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ولا تَجْعلوا مَعَ الله إله آخر
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prostrate
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لا تَسْجُدُوا لِلشَمْسِ ولا لِلقَمَرِ
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فإنَّ means because in arabic and it associates well with the probitive verbs. here are the examples. please try to get its meaning from dictionary.
لا تَشْرَبْ هذا الشَّايَ فَإنَّهُ بَارِدٌ
Don’t drink this tea because it is cold.
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لا تَأْكُلْ هذا الطَّعَامَ فَإنَّهُ فَاسدٌ
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اقْرَأْ هذا الكِتَابَ فإِنَّه مُفِيدٌ
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لا تَنَامُوا الآنَ فَإِنَّ وَقْتَ الصَّلاةِ قَرِيبٌ
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كُلْ هذه الفَاكِهَةَ فَإِنَّها لَذِيذَةٌ .
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Alhamdulillah we have completed vast part of Arabic learning. Insha-allah we have 2-3 chapters left to learn more about verb forms ,Please bare patience.
I suggest you to go through this link which nicely summarises about the arabic verbs.
Also suggest to go through the verb list in 80% quran and practice test from this link
Learn some more verbs from this link.
please memorise the verb list above. And remember practice is the key to master anything.
